These aren't ticketed public festivals, but the receptions often spill out of event halls along Mission Street between 16th and 24th, particularly on Saturday evenings. The dress, the waltz, the court of honor, the choreographed group dance — the production level is serious. Community halls like La Raza Centro Legal and various church parish halls host them regularly; if you're connected to a family, the invitation is the ticket.
What makes this worth knowing about: the food. Tamales, mole, tres leches — quinceañera catering is some of the best home-style Mexican cooking you'll encounter in SF, and the bakeries on 24th Street (Tartine is not what we're talking about — try La Victoria or Dominguez) often provide the multi-tier cake.
Practical note: 24th Street BART drops you two blocks from the heart of it. Street parking on Saturday nights on Mission is rough; BART is the call.
If you have two hours and want to absorb the culture without crashing a private event, walk 24th Street on a Saturday afternoon — the bakery windows alone tell you what's coming that evening.